اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات116
تعداد شماره‌ها1,439
تعداد مقالات10,923
تعداد مشاهده مقاله3,706,783
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله2,018,450
Khurrami, Mohammad Ali, Oshrieh, Rahman, Davari Dowlatabadi, Mahdi, Akbari, Muhammad. (1404). A Quranic Analysis of Enemy Strategies in Hybrid Warfare, with Emphasis on Weakening Defensive Power. مطالعات فلسفی کلامی, 4(14), 87-118. doi: 10.22034/qns.2026.23334.1163
Mohammad Ali Khurrami; Rahman Oshrieh; Mahdi Davari Dowlatabadi; Muhammad Akbari. "A Quranic Analysis of Enemy Strategies in Hybrid Warfare, with Emphasis on Weakening Defensive Power". مطالعات فلسفی کلامی, 4, 14, 1404, 87-118. doi: 10.22034/qns.2026.23334.1163
Khurrami, Mohammad Ali, Oshrieh, Rahman, Davari Dowlatabadi, Mahdi, Akbari, Muhammad. (1404). 'A Quranic Analysis of Enemy Strategies in Hybrid Warfare, with Emphasis on Weakening Defensive Power', مطالعات فلسفی کلامی, 4(14), pp. 87-118. doi: 10.22034/qns.2026.23334.1163
Khurrami, Mohammad Ali, Oshrieh, Rahman, Davari Dowlatabadi, Mahdi, Akbari, Muhammad. A Quranic Analysis of Enemy Strategies in Hybrid Warfare, with Emphasis on Weakening Defensive Power. مطالعات فلسفی کلامی, 1404; 4(14): 87-118. doi: 10.22034/qns.2026.23334.1163

A Quranic Analysis of Enemy Strategies in Hybrid Warfare, with Emphasis on Weakening Defensive Power

The Quran: Contemporary Studies
مقاله 5، دوره 4، شماره 14، خرداد 2026، صفحه 87-118    اصل مقاله (588.99 K)
نوع مقاله: Scholary
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/qns.2026.23334.1163
نویسندگان
Mohammad Ali Khurrami* 1؛ Rahman Oshrieh2؛ Mahdi Davari Dowlatabadi3؛ Muhammad Akbari3
1PhD Student in Comparative Exegesis, University of Quranic Sciences and Teachings, Qum, Iran
2Associate Professor, Department of Exegesis, University of Quranic Sciences and Teachings, Qum, Iran
3Assistant Professor, Department of Exegesis, University of Quranic Sciences and Teachings, Qum, Iran
چکیده
Contemporary security developments indicate that modern threats, rather than relying solely on hard power, increasingly focus on undermining the will, beliefs, and perceptions of societies—a process that manifests within the framework of “hybrid warfare,” particularly in the form of “cognitive-media warfare.” Within this context, the defensive power of the Islamic society is a multidimensional concept that, in addition to military capability, encompasses soft, perceptual, and cognitive dimensions. The primary objective of the present study is to identify and analyze the enemy’s strategies in hybrid warfare with a focus on weakening defensive power and eroding collective will from the perspective of the Holy Quran. This research adopts a descriptive–analytical approach and employs conceptual analysis of Quranic verses alongside authoritative Quranic exegeses. The findings demonstrate that the Holy Quran, by elucidating the mechanisms of the war of wills, points to strategies such as psychological operations, rumor‑mongering, the production of despair, religious mockery, social division, cultural infiltration, political crisis‑making, and targeted economic pressure. Collectively, these strategies delineate a coherent framework of the enemy’s hybrid warfare aimed at weakening the defensive power of the Islamic society.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Holy Quran؛ War of wills؛ Defensive power؛ Hybrid warfare؛ Cognitive warfare
مراجع

Qarai, Ali Quli. Trans. (2005). The Qur᾽ān: With a Phrase-by-Phrase English Translation (2nd ed.). London: ICAS Press.

Ālūsī, Maḥmūd b. ʿAbdullāh. (1415AH/1994). Rūḥ al-maʿānī fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿAẓīm wa al-sabʿ al-mathānī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.

Baghawī, al-Ḥusayn b. Masʿūd. (1420AH/1999). Tafsīr al-Baghawī. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.

Baḥrānī, Hāshim b. Sulaymān. (1413AH/1992). Madīnat al-Maʿājiz al-Aʾimmah al-Ithnā ʿAshar. Qum: Mu’assasat al-Maʿārif al-Islāmiyyah.

Baḥrānī, Hāshim b. Sulaymān. (1415AH/1994). Al-Burhān fī tafsīr al-Qur’ān. Qum: Bunyād Biʿthat.

Bakhtiyārī, Īraj., & Sāʿidī, Bījan. (1398Sh/2019). Ravand-i takāmulī-yi jang wa jang-i tarkībī (az manẓar-e farmāndihī wa Kuntrul). ʿUlūm wa Funūn-i Niẓāmī.

Baktāsh, Abū al-Ḥasan. (1403Sh/2024). Jihād-i tabyīn dar jang-i tarkībī. Qum: Markaz-i Mudīriyyat-i Ḥawzah ʿIlmiyyah Qum.

Daylamī, Ḥasan b. Muḥammad. (1408AH/1987). Aʿlām al-dīn fī ṣifāt al-muʾminīn. Qum: Mu’assasat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyā’ al-Turāth.

Faḍlullāh, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. (1419AH/1998). Tafsīr min waḥy al-Qur’ān. Beirut: Dār al-Malāk.

Fakhr Rāzī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar. (1420AH/1999). Tafsīr al-Kabīr. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.

Fayḍ Kāshānī, Muḥammad b. Shāh Murtiḍā. (1406AH/1985). Al-Wāfī. Isfahan: Maktabat al-Imām Amīr al-Mu’minīn (a).

Ḥaydarī, Muḥammad. (1429AH/2008). Ṭarāʾif al-ḥikam wa nawādir al-āthār. Beirut: Sharikat Dār al-Salām.

Ḥillī, Ḥasan b. Sulaymān. (1421AH/2000). Mukhtaṣar al-Baṣā’ir. Qum: Jāmiʿat al-Mudarrisīn, Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī.

Hoffman, Frank G. (2007). Conflict in the 21st Century: The Rise of Hybrid Wars. Washington: Potomac Institute for Policy Studies.

Ḥurr ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. Ḥasan. (1416AH/1995). Tafṣīl wasā’il al-Shīʿa ilā taḥṣīl-i masā’il al-sharīʿa. Qum: Mu’assasat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyā’ al-Turāth.

Ḥusaynī Ṭihrānī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. (1433AH/2012). Nūr-i malakūt-i Qur’ān. Mashhad: ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabā᾽ī Publications.

Ḥuwayzī, ʿAbd ʿAlī b. Jumʿah. (1415AH/1994). Tafsīr Nūr al-Thaqalayn. Qum: Ismāʿīliyān.

Ibn Abī Jumhūr, Muḥammad b. Zayn al-Dīn. (1403AH/1983). ʿAwālī al-la’ālī al-ʿazīziyyah fī al-aḥādīth al-dīniyyah. Qum: Mu’assasat Sayyid al-Shuhadā’.

Ibn ʿĀshūr, Muḥammad al-Ṭāhir. (1420AH/1999). Taḥrīr wa tanwīr min tafsīr. Beirut: Farhang Nashr-i Naw.

Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq b. Ghālib. (1422AH/2001). Muḥarrar al-Wajīz fī tafsīr al-Kitāb al-ʿAzīz. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.

Ibn Bābawayh, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. (1376Sh/1997). Amālī Shaykh Ṣadūq. Tehran: Ketābchī.

Ibn Kathīr, Ismāʿīl b. ʿUmar. (1419AH/1998). Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-ʿAẓīm. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.

Ibn Shahrāshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. (1379AH/1959). Manāqib. Qum: ʿAllāmah.

Jaʿfarī, Yaʿqūb. (1398Sh/2019). Tafsīr Kawthar. Qum: Hijrat.

Jūshqānī, Ḥusayn. (1398Sh/2019). Jang-i narm az dīdgāh-i Qur’ān. Tehran: Sāqī Publications.

Khaṭīb, ʿAbd al-Karīm. (1424AH/2003). Al-Tafsīr al-Qur’ānī li-l-Qur’ān. Cairo: Dār al-Fikr al-ʿArabī.

Laythī Wāsiṭī, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. (1376Sh/1997). ʿUyūn al-ḥikam wa mawāʿiẓ. Qum: Dār al-Ḥadīth.

Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir b. Muḥammad Taqī. (1403AH/1983). Biḥar al-Anwār. Beirut: Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.

Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. (1374Sh/1995). Tafsīr-i Nimūnih. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah.

Marāghī, Aḥmad Muṣṭafā. (n.d.). Tafsīr Marāghī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.

Mughniyyah, Muḥammad Jawād. (1386Sh/2007). Tafsīr Kāshif. Qum: Būstān Kitāb.

Muḥammad, Uways Karīm. (1408AH/1987). Muʿjam mawḍūʿī li-Nahj al-Balāghah. Mashhad: Bunyād Pazhūhishhā-yi Islāmī.

Muqātil b. Sulaymān. (1423AH/2002). Tafsīr Muqātil b. Sulaymān. Beirut: Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.

Nye, J. S. (1990). Soft power. Foreign Policy, (80), 153–171.

Qarā’atī, Muḥsin. (1388Sh/2009). Tafsīr-i Nūr. Tehran: Markaz-i Farhangī-yi Dars-hā’ī az Qur’ān.

Qummī Mashhadī, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad Riḍā. (1411AH/1990). Tafsīr kanz al-daqā’iq wa baḥr al-gharā’ib. Tehran: Wizārat Farhang wa Irshād Islāmī.

Qummī, ʿAlī b. Ibrāhīm. (1404AH/1983). Tafsīr Qummī. Qum: Dār al-Kitāb.

Riḍā’ī Iṣfahānī, Muḥammad ʿAlī. (1387Sh/2008). Tafsīr-i Qur’ān-i Mihr. Qum: Pazhūhishhā-yi Tafsīr wa ʿUlūm-i Qur’ān.

Ṣābūnī, Muḥammad ʿAlī. (1421AH/2000). Ṣafwat al-tafāsīr. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.

Ṣādiqī Ṭihrānī, Muḥammad. (1406AH/1985). Al-Furqān fī tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi-l-Qur’ān wa Sunnah. Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Aʿlamī.

Ṣāliḥ, Ṣubḥī., & Sharīf Raḍī, Muḥammad b. Ḥusayn. (1407AH/1986). Nahj al-Balāghah. Qum: Mu’assasat Dār al-Hijrah.

Sālik ʿAlīkhānī, Muṣṭafā., & Muḥammadpūr, Zahrā. (1403Sh/2024). Barrasī-yi Abʿād-e Jang-i Tarkībī va Jang-e Shinākhtī-yi Esteʿmār ʿAlayh-e Īrān. Hamāyesh-e Mellī-ye Pazhūhesh-hā-ye Mudīriyyat va ʿUlūm-e Ensānī dar Īrān. 

Salīmī, Muḥammad Riḍā., & Muʿtamediyān, ʿIzzat Allāh. (1396Sh/2017). Kelīd-i pīrūzī dar jang-i irādih-hā. Qum: Intishārāt Zamzam-i Hidāyat.

Sanqarṭ, Dāwūd ʿAbd al-ʿAfw. (1408AH/1987). Yahūd fī al-muʿaskar al-gharbī. Jordan: Dār al-Furqān.

Sāqī, Abū al-Faḍl., & Aṣgharī, ʿAbd al-Riḍā. (1398Sh/2019). Eʿdām dar Ḥuqūq-i Yahūd wa Islām. Mashhad: Dānishgāh ʿUlūm Islāmī Raḍavī.

Ṣulḥ Mīrzā’ī, Saʿīd. (1398Sh/2019). Andīsheh-ye Moqāvemat az Manẓar-e Āyat Allāh al-ʿUẓmā Sayyid ʿAlī Khāmeneʾī. Tehran: Intishārāt Inqilāb-i Islāmī.

Ṭabarsī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan. (1412AH/1991). Jawāmiʿ al-Jāmiʿ. Qum: Markaz Mudīriyyat Ḥawzah ʿIlmiyyah Qum.

Ṭabarsī, Faḍl b. Ḥasan. (1408AH/1987). Majmaʿ al-Bayān fī Tafsīr Qur’ān. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifah.

Ṭabāṭabā᾽ī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. (1352Sh/1973). Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr Qur’ān. Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Aʿlamī.

Tamīmī Āmudī, ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Muḥammad. (1410AH/1989). Ghurar al-ḥikam wa durar al-kalim. Qum: Dār al-Kitāb al-Islāmī.

Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. Ḥasan. (n.d.). Al-Tibyān fī tafsīr al-Qur’ān. Beirut: Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.

Wāqidī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar. (1409AH/1989). Maghāzī. Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Aʿlamī.

Zamakhsharī, Maḥmūd b. ʿUmar. (1407AH/1986). Al-Kashshāf. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī.

Zovāreh, S. M. R., Mobīnī Dehkordī, A., Manshādī, M. A., & Valavī, M. R. (1399Sh/2020). Strategic model of the defense technological innovation system in hybrid warfare. Strategic Defense Studies, 18(80), 23-56.

آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 88
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 26


سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب